BATELKOVÁ Kateřina, KOLEJKA Jaromír, POKORNÝ Jan:
Landscape Synthesis and Geographical Information Systems as Part of Natural Landscape Assessment for Regional Planning: Case Study Horňácko. – Geografie-Sborník ČGS, 101, 4, pp. 296 – 309 (1996). – The landscape synthesis concept combined with GIS technology has been applied as a method supporting the economic revitalization of the Horňácko region in White Carpathians, East Moravia. Homogenous natural landscape units (geosystems) have been examined by means of purpose oriented evaluation of nine „new“ and „old“ functions. Territorial reserves for each function have been identified. The best suitable function has been selected for each geosystems as well as the respective areal reserve. The proposed pattern of land-use changes serves as a forecast of the optimal landscape development.
Key words: landscape synthesis – GIS – nature assesment – land-use forecast. BIČÍK Ivan, GÖTZ Antonín, JANČÁK Vít, JELEČEK Vít, MEJSNAROVÁ Lucie, ŠTĚPÁNEK Vít:
Land Use/Land Cover Changes in the Czech Republic 1845-1995. – Geografie-Sborník ČGS, 101, 2, pp. 92 – 109 (1996). – The article presents basic information on the long-time research programme dealing with long-termed land-use changes. This research programme is based on the land-use data of 1845, 1948, 1990, and 1995. In deals with issues marked by the International Geographic Union in 1995 as important part of the interdisciplinary research. Apart from the methodological process the article also outlines the evaluation of land-use structural changes at the district level by the index of change. This is an overall index reflecting all changes in the respective region. The case-study of Semily District verifies the methodology used at the cadastral level and shows possible applications in detailed studies of the nature/society relations.
Key words: land use/land cover changes – Czech Republic. BLAŽEK Jiří:
Inter Regional Disparities in the Czech Republic During the Transition. – Geografie-Sborník ČGS, 101, 4, pp. 265 – 277 (1996). – The article deals with the development of inter-regional disparities in the Czech Republic during the period of transition. Regional disparities are firstly set into wider context of regional development theories and consequently, disparities within the Czech Republic are compared with those in EU member states. Since the unemployment rate in the Czech Republic is unusually low, the inter-regional disparities seem small. However, the coefficient of variation reveals the contrary. Finally it is concluded that the inter-regional disparities in average incomes are still only a fraction of the disparities in economic preformance of the regions.
Key words: inter-regional disparities – differentiation – equalization – unemployment – entrepreneurial activity – wages. BUČEK Antonín, KOLEJKA Jaromír, KOSTKA Robert:
Selected landscape forming-processes in the volcanic Putorna Plateau (Taymir, Siberia). – Geografie-Sborník ČGS, 101, 3, pp. 232 – 246 (1996). – The development and products of the natural processes present in the hard rock and weak rock areas of the volcanic Putorana Plateau were studied. Intensive frost weathering causes the degradation of glacial land forms and the formation of periglacial forms. A progressive permafrost degradation occurs on valley bottoms, accompanied by alas lake origin, peat mound creation, pingo degradation and periglacial soil development.
Key words: Siberia – volcanic plateau – periglacial processes and land forms. BUZEK Ladislav:
Factors of Accelerated Erosion in the Southern Mountain Hinterland of the Ostrava Industrial Agglomeration. – Geografie-Sborník ČGS, 101, 3, pp. 211 – 224 (1996). – Erosion of soils is becoming a serious problem in forested mountain areas where the narural and even the anthropogenic influences are favourable to this process (Flysch substratum, rainfalls, declivity of slopes and tractors and other machines for forest work). The regime of the suspended matter in the basins in the central and eastern parts of the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts. – the Upper Ostravice R. (72,96 km2) and in the Lomná R. (70,40 km2) were compared. The results show that the erosional processes in the basin of the Upper Ostravice Ř. are more intensive in the basin of the Lomná R., due to the prevailance of shales in the substratum of the basin of the Ostravice R.
Key words: water erosion – suspended matter. HAMPL Martin:
Geography of Societal Transformation: General Questions of Study. – Geografie-Sborník ČGS, 101, 2, pp. 82 – 91 (1996). – The paper is devoted both to empirical generalization of contemporary transformation in the Czech Republic and to the theoretical discussion of selective problems of geographical cognition. Stress is put upon the question of geographical regularities, relation between social and geographical structures and the problem of uneven development.
Key words: Societal transformation – geographical regularities – uneven development. HAMPL Martin:
Hierarchy of the settlement system and administrative division of the Czech Republic. – Geografie-Sborník ČGS, 101, 3, pp. 201 – 210 (1996). – The article deals with geographical aspects of territorial administration. The relationship between the continual form of hierarchization of real geographical systems and the discontinual form of hierarchization of normative systems, such as territorial administration, is stressed. The general results are applied to the specific transformational problems of rerritorial administation in the Czech Republic.
Key words: hierarchy – real and normative systems – territorial administration. HUSÁR Karol
Areas of Land-Cover Forms and Calculation of Their Morphometric Parameters. – Geografie-Sborník ČGS, 101, 1, pp. 41 – 58 (1996). – The article aims to sum up selected vector-oriented quantitative methods that evaluate spatial units (i.e. areas or regions). Calculations of spatial morphometric parametres, namely of frequency, area and circumference, shape (form), spatial orientation of a region and regional spatial interrelations, are presented. The above mentioned methods are shown on the interpretative scheme of land-cover forms in the Šurany region with help of the computer programs APTAB and DIGEDIT whitch were compiled at the Institute of Geography SAS. The article is part of the project 2/999310/92 (Analysis of Information Potential of Spacial Images) researched at the Institute of Geography SAS.
Key words: morphometric parametres of areas – regional typification. KÜHNLOVÁ Hana, KÜHNL Karel:
Environmental Education as Part of Geographical Courses in the Czech Republic – Problems, Suggestions, and Challenges. – Geografie-Sborník ČGS, 101, 2, pp. 158 – 168 (1996). – Improvement of the environment is conditioned by a systematic environmental education. The role of geography in such an educational systém is also crucial. As a results, geographical courses require changes. A sound knowledge of one’s local region much contributes to the understanding of environment in the broad sense. Environmental education must include the historical development of natural and social elements as well as fucture prospects. The concept of eco-museum could bring much inspiration to this process. The article deals with the idea of eco-museum of Cental European importance which should primarily influence the environmental thinking of the population.
Key words: geographical education – social aspects of environment – eco-museum – environmental history. MIKULÍK Oldřich, VAISHAR Antonín:
Residential Environment and Territorially Functional Structure of the Brno City in the Period of Transformation. – Geografie-Sborník ČGS, 101, 2, pp. 128 – 142 (1996). – The article evaluates the residential environment of Brno according to the individual town wards. A more detailed analysis is done for the centre of the town. Parametres of housing resources, environment hostile functional clashes, extent of green areas and state of social environment have been taken into consideraton. The results show a bad residential environment in the industialized town wards in flat relief and a good one in the town wards situated in articulated relief.
Key words: residential environment – functional structure – Brno. POŠTOLKA Václav:
A New Approach to the Assessment and Delimitation of Environmentally Damaged Areas in the Czech Republic. – Geografie-Sborník ČGS, 101, 2, pp. 143 – 157 (1996). – The paper deals with the proposal of new criteria and methodology for geograpgical delimitation and differentiation of „environmentally damaged areas“ in the Czech Republic. This new approach is based on „ecological, social and gealth load assessment“ on the municipalty area level by means of 27 proposed indicators. By means of this methodology more than 1200 selected muncipalities from the North-West Bohemia area included, were assessed.
Key words: Ecological, social and health load indicators – environmentally damaged areas – environmental zones delimitation and differentiation – North-West Bohemia. PTÁČEK Jan:
Czech Agriculture in Transition. – Geografie-Sborník ČGS, 101, 2, pp. 110 – 127 (1996). – The article deals with the transition and transformation of Czech agriculture. The character of post-1990 systemic changes is defined. Chief goals of the state agricultural policy are described as well as the impacts of radical economic reform on the agricultural production. The following processes are analysed: 1. Resustion – return of property to the original owners or to their heirs; 2. Transformation – property transfer from the cooperatives to private subject (individuals and companies); 3. Privatization – denationalization and privatization of the former state farms. The last chapter focuses on the privatization of Žihle State Farm (West Bohemia) as a detailed case study.
Key words: agriculture in the Czech Republic – transition – cooperative – state farm. ŠTĚPÁNEK Vít:
Land-Use Data: Relevance and Reliability. – Geografie-Sborník ČGS, 101, 1, pp. 13 – 21 (1996). – The article deals with land-use structural data available in the Czech Republic. Character of the data as well as its practical use are outlined and a brief summary of methods is given. Some problems of comparative and historical research of land-use are mentioned. Practical example from the Domažlice district shows real problems of land-use analysis and outlines possible solutions.
Key words: land-use structure – land-use data – statistical methods – cadastral unit. TOLASZ Radim:
Mean Temperatures and Precipitation Amounts in the Geomorphological regions of Norhern Moravia and Silesia. – Geografie-Sborník ČGS, 101, 3, pp. 225 – 231 (1996). – The subjekt of the paper is the method of calculating territorial means of the climatological characteristics of temperature and precipitation. Coefficients expressing the relation mean elevation of observing stations to the mean elevation of geomorfological provinces are used for the calculation, as well as coefficients expressing vertical rate of temperature and precipitation.
Key words: territorial means – method of calculating – vertical gradient. TOMEŠ Jiří:
Specific Unemployment in the Czech Republic in Regional Comparison. – Geografie-Sborník ČGS, 101, 4, pp. 278 – 295 (1996). – The paper examines the unemployment rate in the Czech Republic ? a remarkable aspect of general transformation in the Czech Republic. From the structural standpoint, the unemployment remains very low. Using the method of regional comparison the author shows regional disparities and changing patterns of male and female unemployment, unemployment of young people (under 25), long?term unemployment and unemployment by educational level.
Key words: unemployment – gender – age – educational level – regional disparities – Czech Republic. WAHLA Arnošt:
Journal of the Czech Geographic Society: Tradition of One Hundred Years. – Geografie-Sborník ČGS, 101, 1, pp. 10 – 12 (1996). – The article deals with one hundred years anniversary of the earliest Czech geographic journal – Journal of Czech Geographic Society. The very first issue was published in November 1894. Title of the journal has changed over the years depending on the political and social situation. The internal structure of Journal of the Czech Geographic Society is explained and names of the most important contributors are listed. Geographers who worked in the editorial board ten years or more are also mentioned.
Key words: Czech Geographic Society – Journal of the Czech Geographic Society. ZBOŘIL Aleš:
Prášilské Lake. – Geografie-Sborník, ČGS, 101, 1, pp. 22 – 40 (1996). – It was in 1906 when V. Švamberka made first mapping of the Prášilské Lake’s profile and depth. It took 88 years, however, until more recent geomorphological and limnological research has been carried out in 1994. Glacial relicts in the lake were mapped and the results were incorporated in a geomorphological map, scale 1:10,000. 33 depth profiles were measured and a new ground plan of the lake has been created. Thermic conditions, colour and transparentness of water, as well as hydrological regime, have been researched, too.
Key words: Prášilské Lake – bathymetrical measurements – limnological research – hydrologic regime.