BALATKA Břetislav, PŘIBYL Václav, VILÍMEK Vít:
Morphotectonic features of the relief in the drainage area of the upper Jihlava River. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 3, pp. 276–285 (2000). – The results of the morphostructural analysis based on detailed geomorphologic mapping, as well as an analysis of fissures and fault tectonics are presented. The research leads to a deeper knowledge on the geomorphologic evolution of the area.
Key words: morphotectonics – geomorphologic development – Českomoravská vrchovina Highland. BIČÍK Ivan, HAMPL Martin:
Czech Human Geography: Research and Problems. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 2, pp. 118–128 (2000). – The contribution has two main aims. Firstly, it is an evalution of contemporary research trends in the Czech human geography. The consequences of the recent long – lasting isolation of the Czech Republic, as well as the impact of current world human geography are both expolred and assessed. Secondly, theoretical issues of human geography are discussed, such as the cognitive functionof geography, its relations to social and environmental sciences, problem of regularities in human geographical realm, etc.
Key words: paradigms of human geography – research topics – classification of real systems – hierarchical organization. BRZÁK Martin:
Contribution to the geomorphology of the southernmost part of the Třebíč Massif. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 4, pp. 347–360 (2000). – Geological maps, with the exception of the newest ones, present this part of the Třebíč Massif in the studied area incorrectly as a part of the Moldanubicum. Conspicuous Neogene tectonic forms (e. g. fault-line valleys, fault-angle valleys) were discovered in the SE marginal part of the massif. Relations between the Tertiary and the older (mainly Variscan) tectonics were studied. Regularity of spatial distribution of the most frequent durbachite forms, as low exfoliation domes, was founded.
Key words: The Třebíč Massif – durbachite – fault-line valley – fault-angle valley – exfoliation. BUZEK Ladislav:
Erosion of forest soil under conditions of higher precipitation and snow melt (case study central part of the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mountains). – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 4, pp. 317–332 (2000). – Water erosion is an important degradation agent not only on the agricultural land but it also shows up on the forested soil. It is associated with the progress of forest mechanisation and with changing forest cover and occurs especially under exceptional hydrometeorological situations. Intensive water erosion is often combined with gravitation processes (landslides). Research of water erosion has been organized by the Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology of the Ostrava University since 1976 in the central part of the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mountains (especially in the basin of the Upper Ostravice River). The article shows results of analysis of suspended load régime between 1976 and 1998. Suspended load as a transition part of the erosional products is an evidence of the intensity of erosional processes of the observed catchment.
Key words: water erosion – suspended load – water runoff – precipitation. DANĚK Petr:
Does exist a political culture of the Czech borderland? – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 1, pp. 50–62 (2000). – The article analyses the differences in voting behaviour of the population in borderland and „inland“ of the Czech Republic as spatial units sharply differing in their migration history in the 1940´s: the borderland being a target region of a large-scale resettlement following the expulsion of Germans in 1945-46, while the inland was source region of the migrations. The results of the 1992, 1996 and 1998 parliamentary elections were analysed on two hierarchical levels by ANOVA models to test the hypothesis that the borderland and the inland are significantly different from the point of view of voting behaviour of the population. Four out of eight variables describing voting behaviour have distinct values for the borderland and the inland, even after setting apart the impact of differences in the population structure by incorporation of covariates into the model. It suggests that the pre-war ethnic boundary within the Czech Lands is a significant contextual factor standing behind the variability of electoral results still in the 1990´s.
Key words: voting behaviour – analysis of variance – migration history – social structure – borderland – Czech Lands. DOKOUPIL Jaroslav:
Theoretical approaches to the problems of borderland with application in the Czech-Bavarian space. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 1, pp. 10–18 (2000). – The paper deals with the functional impact of the border on the borderland with the help of theoretical models of situations in the borderland and border effects. The new situation in Europe demands to complete the existent theoretical constructions by new factors. Theoretical approaches are applied in the Czech-Bavarian space.
Key words: border – borderland – model – effect – Czechia – Bavaria. HAMPL Martin:
Border regions in the Czech Republic: contemporary tendencies of development differentiation. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 3, pp. 241–254 (2000). – The article focuses on problems of current tendencies differentiating between borderland and inland, and among border regions themselves. First, the borderland – inland differences are still limited, but they will be probable deepening in future. Second, the differences among border regions are important both in intensity of settlement and in economic level, and in current development dynamics. Key factors of regional differentiation appear to be macro – locational position and inherited economic specialization.
Key words: regionalization and typology – factors of regional differentiation – problems of economic restructuralization. HAVLÍČEK Tomáš:
The population development in the borderland of South Bohemia and Upper Austria after the Second World War. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 1, pp. 77–85 (2000). – The article briefly analyses the population development in the Czech-Austrian borderland and that in five time horizons during the period 1950-1997. The model territory (municipalities of four near-border districts) manifested a very intensive development of the number of inhabitants due mainly to the transfer of the inhabitants of German nationality after the Second World War and the establishment of the so-called iron curtain. What a strong barrier for population development was the existence of the iron curtain and has its fall caused new development tendencies? In general it can be said that nearer the locality was to the border line, more the number of inhabitants stagnated or even decreased. After the fall of the iron curtain the model territory has been getting more attractive and the number of inhabitants has been progressively growing.
Key words: population – borderland – South Bohemia – Upper Austria. HYNEK Alois:
Training Geography Educators. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 2, pp. 177–189 (2000). – Czech didactic methods of geography ( teaching/learning geography) has just started its fifth wave in training geography educators at eight university faculties. The current debate is on developing a curriculum emphasizing the position of geography education as the applied discipline of the science/art of geography. ‘ Challenge for 10 million’ is a national debate on the Czech educational system organized by the governmental Dept. of Schools, Youth and Physical Culture, being very critical to teaching geography at primary and secondary schools. That is the reason for the strong re-assessment of social, environmental/ecological, economic, cultural and political relevance on the subject of geography in the educational process. This discourse is also intended for international communication starting in the educational commission of IGU/UGI.
Key words: Geography educators – study programmes – didactic methods of geography – educational reform. CHROMÝ Pavel:
Historical-geographical aspects of delimitation of the borderland and of its geographical analysis. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 1, pp. 63–76 (2000). – The article deals with alternative possibilities of delimitation of border territories in Czechia from historical-geographical and cultural-geographical points of view and with the indispensable usage of historical analysis of territory in geographical analysis of territory. An attention is paid to suggestions of a possible orientation of regional geographical research and to spatial variability of Czech borderland in time. The conclusion outlines the typology of the borderland from the point of view of its inner differentiation of the functional-spatial dynamism and social-spatial transformations during the last 150 years.
Key words: historical-regional geography – cultural geography – historical-geographical region – border – borderland – regional identity. JANSKÝ Bohumír:
A New Survey of Sources of the Amazon. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 2, pp. 129–140 (2000). – From the 16th of June to the 1st of July 1999 the expedition Hatun Mayu (meaning Big River in Quechua) explored the source area of the Apurímac River in southern Peru. The seven member expedition was lead by the author of this article, a member of the Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague. The aim of the group was to measure the lenght of the main source of the Apurímac River currently considered by most hydrologists as the longest source segment of the Amazon. In addition, the expedition members maesured flows and altitudes in order to create the lenghtwise profile of the Río Carhuasanta stream.
Key words: Amazon – Apurímac River – Río Carhuasanta stream – expedition Hatun Mayu. JEŘÁBEK Milan:
Borderland in regional development and the relevant research. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 1, pp. 1–9 (2000). – The geographic public receives another monothematic issue dedicated this time to the Czech borderland. Specific problems, conditioned by differentiated physical-geographical and mainly social-economic conditions of the given territory, have been studied since the 1930´s. The 1990´s have undoubtedly brought a new impulse to its development connected both with internal processes (democratization of the society, economic transformation, etc.) and external aspects (for instance its exposed position, transitory function, European integration). The running changes have become a challenge for researchers from different geographical work places studying, up to now in a more or less isolated way, only segments of the borderland (for instance those of Ústí nad Labem are interested in the Bohemian-Saxon border). Two similarly aimed projects monitoring the part of the Czech borderland, the importance of co-operation with neighbouring countries and integration of the Czech Republic into European structures have been solved with the backing of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic (1998 – 1999) and the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (1999 – 2000). The authors of the published papers mainly come from the work places involved in these two projects, but also other colleagues, including those from abroad, have been invited to take part. The intention of this volume is to stress the concrete problems or situations in the model borderland regions and to rise up a discussion on the problems of the borderland at present and in the future.
Key words: borderland – border effect – exposed position – transit – regional development – regional policy – Europe – differentiation – integration – Euroregion. JEŘÁBEK Milan, KUCERA Katerina, MÜLLER Bernhard, PŘIKRYL Jan:
Perception of social-economic development in the Czech-Saxon borderland – case study on the local level of the towns of Kraslice and Klingenthal. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 1, pp. 19–33 (2000). – As an example of observation of social-economic development in the borderland as a specific territorial type can be given a study of changes in two neighbouring towns at the Czech-German (Saxon) border, that has been in the last years in the centre of research interest of several institutions. This contribution is one of the outputs of the international project “Borderland as a space of mediation” backed by the German Federal Foundation for Environment in Osnabrück and solved by a work community including universities, research institutions and consulting companies. The findings obtained by inquiring population show the complicated character of the present development (at microregional/local level), ambiguous perception of running processes and a different degree of readiness to co-operation.
Key words: border – borderland – trans-border co-operation – border crossing. KLIMENT Zdeněk:
Balance, regime and geochemistry of suspended sediment of the Blšanka River. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 3, pp. 255–265 (2000). – The article evaluates the results of four-year measurements of suspended sediment in the Holedeč profile at the Blšanka River in the northwest Bohemia. The main attention is paid to the typology of the individual regime situation and to geochemical analysis of suspended sediment particles and active bank sediments.
Key words: Blšanka River – suspended sediment – geochemistry. KOLLÁR Daniel: Slovak commuter migration into Austria – reality versus imaginations. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 1, pp. 41–49 (2000). – The commuter migration from Slovakia into Austria occupies a special position in Europe. The relatively short distance between Bratislava and Vienna encourages a rapid creation of information networks and permits job-seekers to find work in line with their qualification without too much financial outlay. Unlike other groups of migrants, the Slovakian commuters experience almost no dequalification and do not have to take up a marginal position on the labour market. It is remarkable that both the public opinion and the official statistics have failed to register this new development and therefore the realistic figures to fully comprehend it are lacking. The fact that this form of East-West mobility is being accepted without comment as “the new normality” may, perhaps, be attributed to the common bonds of the past. Key words: East-West mobility – commuter migration – labour market – imaginations on the work. NOVOTNÁ Marie:
Evaluation of Agricultural Landuse in the Pošumaví Region. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 1, pp. 34–40 (2000). – This article gives account of the research carried on in the border area of the Klatovy, Prachatice and Český Krumlov districts. This region has specific features the significance of which surpasses its geographical limits. Its location near the state boundary has significantly influenced its economic and social development. Farming and forestry have always played a significant role among the economic activities of the population. Today we witness an enhanced development of the tertiary sector, primarily of the services focussed on tourism. Farming and forestry, however, will remain an indispensable sector due to their landscape formation function. The whole study is based on methods of the geographical information system (GIS). The data from the land registers of the cadastre offices have been used as well.
Key words: agricultural usage – arable land – prices. ONDŘEJ Tomáš: Planation surfaces of the Valašskobystřická vrchovina Highland and of its northern foreland. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 4, pp. 333–346 (2000). – The article deals with planation surfaces of the Valašskobystřická vrchovina Highland and with the development of its relief in the Upper Tertiary. The existence of recent tectonic activity, indicated by height differences in the same planation levels, was proved. Key words: planation surfaces – neotectonics – Neogene development. OUŘEDNÍČEK Martin:
Theory of Stages of Urban Development and Differential Urbanisation. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 4, pp. 361–369 (2000). – Two theories of urban development are described in this article. Both are based on stages of economic development. The article critically compares these theories and tries to figure out theirs common features to describe a single evolutionary model of urban development.
Key words: urbanisation – stages of urban development – differential urbanisation. SIWEK Tadeusz, KAŇOK Jaromír:
Mapping Silesian Identity in Czechia. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 2, pp. 190–200 (2000). – The aim of the article is to investigate the degree of regional identity among the inhabitants of historical Czech land Silesia, to compare it with the available census data and to draw a cognitive map of Czech Silesia, that means mapping how Silesians themselves imagine their region. A general mental map of Silesia was drawn on the basis of individual respondent´s maps. The map shows the core, domain and peripheral areas of the Czech Silesia in minds of its inhabitants. This method was combined with interviews aimed at establishing respondents’ sense of regional identity. The sense of Silesian identity is relatively strong among elderly people. It is quite weak among the young and – surprisingly – among the educated people. As every regionally based sentiment, Silesian identity is confronted with forces of globalisation.
Key words: regional identity – perception – Silesia – Czechia. TOUŠEK Václav, VANČURA Milan, VITURKA Milan:
Geographical Aspects of Industrial Transformation in the Czech Republic. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 2, pp. 155–165 (2000). – The share of industrial production on GNP has been decreasing over the 1990s in the Czech Republic and, in the same time, a branch restructuring took place. The industrial transformation is accompanied by a decline of labour force and an increase of unemployment. Better situation has been observed in the territories with an inflow of foreign capital. The article deals with the significant role of direct foreign investments for the regional development. The analysis of investment localization is linked with the theory of development polarization.
Key words: industry – transformation – foreign investments – development polarization. VAISHAR Antonín, HLAVINKOVÁ Pavlína, KIRCHNER Karel, LACINA Jan:
Long-Term Impacts of the 1997 Floods in the Morava River Basin. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 2, pp. 141–154 (2000). – In 1997 disastrous floods, unparalleled since meteorological and climatic measurements have been carried out, took place in the catchment of the Morava river and other Moravian rivers. The long-term impacts of the above-mentioned flood event on the landscape and society have been examined in four selected model areas with different natural and economic characteristics. Within the natural system, the long-term impacts include changes in riverbeds, landslides and changes in the biota. Within the social system, the most significant adverse impacts include the long-term damage to the psychical health of those affected by the flood. The main causes of the flood damage are connected with the formation of the settlement pattern during the period of industrialisation and urbanisation. The main methods of flood protection include the relocation of structures outside inundated areas, technical control and the adaptation to flood risks.
Key words: natural risks – floods – the Morava river – long-term impacts. VÍTEK Jan:
Forms of phyllonite weathering and denudation in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 3, pp. 266–275 (2000). – Weathering and denudation forms of phyllonite (retrogressively metamorphosed gneiss) in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. (northern Moravia) are described in this paper. Rock mesoforms (frost-riven cliffs, ridges and tors) are results of cryogenic periglacial processes. Numerous microforms of rock surface (such as rock hollows, tafoni, honeycombs and rock perforations) were formed by selective weathering processes of unequally resting positions of heavy schistose rock.
Key words: Hrubý Jeseník Mts. – phyllonite – cryogenic forms – microforms. VOŽENÍLEK Vít, DEMEK Jaromír:
Modeling of soil erosion hazards as a response of land use changes. – Geografie – Sborník ČGS, 105, 2, pp. 166–176 (2000). – It is generally accepted that land use changes influence fluvial regime, especially generation of surface runoff, water discharge in water courses, and soil erosion. The disturbances in fluvial systems of old cultural landscapes caused by land use changes bring many difficulties in landscape management (floods, accelerated soil erosion, silting of river beds, etc.). The land use structure in the Trkmanka River catchment in the Czech Republic consisted until 1953 of fragmented plots (small patches of land, ribbons) and later has been changed into large fields with agricultural monocultures. The catchment is known for the highest values of soil erosion in the Czech Republic. Testing of common soil erosion models showed that they are not fitted for the catchment. A new model of soil erodibility is proposed in this paper.
Key words: soil erosion – modeling – GIS.